左前降支
Left anterior descending artery
定义
左前降支(LAD)动脉起源于左主冠状动脉(LMCA),后者发自左冠状窦。LAD走行于前室间沟内,向心尖方向延伸。在其走行过程中,LAD发出数条重要分支,包括左圆锥动脉、间隔穿支及对角支。[1-2]
LAD负责为左心室前壁、室间隔前三分之二及心尖部供血。在解剖学上,LAD可分为近段、中段及远段,其中近段是动脉粥样硬化病变最常见的发生部位,可导致心肌梗死。[3]
LAD可出现解剖变异,如重复畸形或心肌桥,但相对少见。重复畸形是指存在两条平行的LAD动脉,而心肌桥是指LAD的某一节段穿行于心肌内,而非走行于心外膜表面。[2][4]
參考資料
1.Clinical Presentation and Therapy of Coronary Artery Anomalies.Haas NA, Driscoll DJ, Rickert-Sperling S.Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 2024;1441:799-809. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-44087-8_47.
2.The Parallel Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery.Andreou AY.International Journal of Cardiology. 2010;138(3):219-20. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.06.039.
3.Anatomic and Flow Characteristics of Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery Angiographic Stenoses Predisposing to Myocardial Infarction.Katritsis DG, Pantos I, Zografos T, et al.The American Journal of Cardiology. 2021;141:7-15. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.11.012.
4.Left Anterior Descending Artery Myocardial Bridging: A Clinical Approach.Tarantini G, Migliore F, Cademartiri F, Fraccaro C, Iliceto S.Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2016;68(25):2887-2899. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.09.973.