硬膜下隙
Spatium subdurale
定义
硬膜下腔是硬膜与蛛网膜之间的潜在间隙,内含薄层浆液,允许硬膜在蛛网膜表面滑动。该间隙环绕脑和脊髓,分别形成颅内和椎管内的硬膜下腔。它还短暂延伸至神经表面,并与神经的淋巴间隙自由相通。
颅内硬膜下腔内有桥静脉,将血液从大脑静脉引流至硬膜静脉窦。随着年龄增长,脑组织萎缩退化,这些桥静脉所承受的张力随之增大。因此,桥静脉破裂可引起硬膜下腔内的静脉性出血。
參考資料
Ghannam, J.Y. and Al Kharazi, K.A. Neuroanatomy, Cranial Meninges. [Updated 2023 Jul 24]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539882/
Snell, R.S. (2010). ‘Chapter 15: The meninges of the brain and the spinal cord’, in Clinical Neuroanatomy. (7th ed.) Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, pp.427-444.