腓肠静脉
Venae surales
定义
腓肠静脉是下肢深静脉系统的组成部分。腓肠静脉位于小腿后筋膜室，负责腓肠肌的静脉回流。腓肠静脉通常分为内侧腓肠静脉和外侧腓肠静脉。
这些静脉与腓肠动脉及腓肠神经伴行，共同构成神经血管束，在多种外科手术中具有重要意义，例如腓肠神经移植物的取材以及用于重建外科的腓肠皮瓣的制备。[1-3]
腓肠静脉在静脉回流方面具有重要临床意义，常参与腓肠皮瓣的静脉引流。
參考資料
1.Management of Venous Leg Ulcers: Clinical Practice Guidelines of the Society for Vascular Surgery ® and the American Venous Forum.O'Donnell TF, Passman MA, Marston WA, et al.Journal of Vascular Surgery. 2014;60(2 Suppl):3S-59S. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2014.04.049.
2.Neurovascular Stalk of the Superficial Sural Flap: Human Fetus Anatomical Study.Sladjana UZ, Ivan JD, Ljiljana VP, et al.Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2005;116(2):546-50. doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000172891.51483.01.
3.Anatomic Study of the Superficial Sural Artery and Its Implication in the Neurocutaneous Vascularized Sural Nerve Free Flap.Leclère FM, Eggli S, Mathys L, Vögelin E.Clinical Anatomy (New York, N.Y.). 2013;26(7):903-10. doi:10.1002/ca.22054.
4.Venous Bypass Drainage of the Small Saphenous Vein in the Neurovascular Pedicle of the Sural Flap: Anatomical Study and Clinical Implications.Loonen MPJ, Kon M, Schuurman AH, Bleys RLAW.Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2007;120(7):1898-1905. doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000287276.93218.c8.
