Sural veins
Venae surales
Definition
The sural veins are part of the deep venous system of the lower extremity. The sural veins are located in the posterior compartment of the leg and drain the gastrocnemius muscle. The sural veins are typically divided into medial and lateral sural veins.
These veins accompany the sural arteries and the sural nerve, forming a neurovascular bundle that is important in various surgical procedures, such as the harvesting of sural nerve grafts and the creation of sural flaps for reconstructive surgery.[1-3]
The sural veins are significant in the context of venous drainage and are often involved in the venous outflow of the sural flap.
References
1.Management of Venous Leg Ulcers: Clinical Practice Guidelines of the Society for Vascular Surgery ® and the American Venous Forum.O'Donnell TF, Passman MA, Marston WA, et al.Journal of Vascular Surgery. 2014;60(2 Suppl):3S-59S. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2014.04.049.
2.Neurovascular Stalk of the Superficial Sural Flap: Human Fetus Anatomical Study.Sladjana UZ, Ivan JD, Ljiljana VP, et al.Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2005;116(2):546-50. doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000172891.51483.01.
3.Anatomic Study of the Superficial Sural Artery and Its Implication in the Neurocutaneous Vascularized Sural Nerve Free Flap.Leclère FM, Eggli S, Mathys L, Vögelin E.Clinical Anatomy (New York, N.Y.). 2013;26(7):903-10. doi:10.1002/ca.22054.
4.Venous Bypass Drainage of the Small Saphenous Vein in the Neurovascular Pedicle of the Sural Flap: Anatomical Study and Clinical Implications.Loonen MPJ, Kon M, Schuurman AH, Bleys RLAW.Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2007;120(7):1898-1905. doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000287276.93218.c8.