Cruciform ligament
Ligamentum cruciforme
- Latin synonym: Ligamentum cruciforme atlantis
- Synonym: Cruciate ligament of atlas
- Related terms: Cruciate ligament of atlas
Definition
The cruciform ligament is located at the posterior surface of atlantoaxial joint. It is anatomically defined as a ligament with a cross-shaped (cruciform) configuration, consisting of a strong transverse band and weaker longitudinal bands.
The transverse band attaches to the lateral masses of the atlas (C1) and secures the odontoid process (dens) of the axis (C2) against the anterior arch of the atlas, preventing posterior displacement.
The superior longitudinal band extends from the transverse band upward to the basion of the occipital bone, while the inferior longitudinal band extends downward to the body of the axis. Together, these components maintain the stability of the atlantoaxial joint and restrict excessive movement of the dens, protecting the spinal cord from compression.
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