Posterior region of thigh

The posterior region of thigh (a.k.a. the anterior femoral region) refers to the posterior compartment of the thigh.

The thigh is divided into three compartments or regions: anterior, medial, and posterior regions. These compartments are formed by intermuscular septa that extend inwards from the deep fascia and attach to the femur.

Muscles in the posterior region of thigh include three hamstring muscles: biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and the hamstring part of the adductor magnus. These muscles originate from the ischial tuberosity. It’s important to note that the biceps femoris has two heads, with the long head originating from the ischial tuberosity and the short head originating from behind the femur’s shaft. Additionally, the adductor magnus has various origins, including the ischial tuberosity and the associated ischiopubic ramus.

All hamstring muscles contribute to knee flexion and trunk extension when straightening up from a bent-over position. The biceps femoris, located laterally in the posterior region of thigh and inserting into the head of fibula, produces lateral rotation at the knee. On the other hand, the semimembranosus and semitendinosus, situated medially and inserting into the proximal tibia, produce medial rotation at the knee.

In clinical situations, an increase in pressure within the confined compartments, either due to acute trauma or chronic repetitive exertion, can lead to reduced blood supply to the tissues, resulting in ischemic pain and muscle damage. In such cases, fasciotomy may be necessary.