Vertebra T10

The thoracic vertebra T10 (10th thoracic vertebra) is characterized by several distinct anatomical features:

• The vertebral body of T10 is heart-shaped and larger than those of the upper thoracic vertebrae.

• The pedicles are short and stout, projecting directly backward.

• The transverse processes are relatively large and robust, and they do not have facets for rib articulation, distinguishing T10 from the upper thoracic vertebrae.

• The spinous process of T10 is long and points downward, similar to the other thoracic vertebrae, but it is less angled than those of the upper thoracic spine.

• The superior articular facets face posteriorly and slightly laterally, while the inferior articular facets face anteriorly and slightly medially, allowing for articulation with adjacent vertebrae.

• The vertebral foramen is circular and smaller compared to the cervical vertebrae but larger than the lumbar vertebrae.

• The laminae are broad and thick, providing a strong posterior wall for the vertebral canal.

• The T10 vertebra also has a pair of costal facets on the sides of the vertebral body for articulation with the tenth rib.