Vertebra C5

The cervical vertebra C5 (5th cervical vertebra) is a typical cervical vertebra with several distinct anatomical features. It consists of a vertebral body, a vertebral arch, and several processes.

1. Vertebral Body: The C5 vertebral body is relatively small and rectangular in shape. It has superior and inferior surfaces that are concave from side to side and convex from front to back. The anterior surface is convex, while the posterior surface is flat and forms part of the anterior wall of the vertebral foramen.

2. Vertebral Arch: The vertebral arch of C5 includes the pedicles, laminae, and the spinous process. The pedicles project posteriorly from the vertebral body and connect to the laminae, which then join to form the spinous process. The vertebral foramen is large and triangular, accommodating the spinal cord.

3. Processes:

• Spinous Process: The spinous process of C5 is typically bifid, meaning it splits into two parts at the tip, which is a characteristic feature of cervical vertebrae.[1]

• Transverse Processes: Each transverse process contains a transverse foramen, which allows the passage of the vertebral artery. The transverse processes also have anterior and posterior tubercles.

• Articular Processes: The superior and inferior articular processes form the facet joints with adjacent vertebrae. The superior articular facets face upward and backward, while the inferior facets face downward and forward.

4. Uncinate Processes: The uncinate processes are bony projections on the lateral edges of the superior surface of the vertebral body. These processes help to stabilize the cervical spine and limit lateral flexion.[2]

5. Foramina: The transverse foramina in the transverse processes allow the passage of the vertebral arteries, veins, and sympathetic nerves