Extraperitoneal ligament

An extraperitoneal ligament is a condensation of connective tissue within the extraperitoneal fascia that connects one organ to another or to the body wall, without involving a fold of peritoneum.

Unlike peritoneal ligaments (which are formed by double layers of peritoneum), extraperitoneal ligaments are composed of fibrous connective tissue and sometimes fat, forming supportive bands that help stabilize organs and transmit blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves between them.

Examples

• Median umbilical ligament: A midline fibrous cord extending from the apex of the urinary bladder to the umbilicus; it represents the remnant of the urachus, embedded in the extraperitoneal fascia.

• Medial umbilical ligaments: Paired fibrous cords running from the pelvic wall to the umbilicus, representing the obliterated umbilical arteries within the extraperitoneal connective tissue.

Functional importance

Extraperitoneal ligaments serve to anchor viscera, maintain their position, and support the passage of vessels and ducts, especially in the lower abdominal and pelvic regions.