Neural layer of optical retina

The neural layer of the optic retina consists of the nine inner layers of the retina, lying internal to the retinal pigment epithelium. These layers contain the photoreceptors and neuronal circuitry responsible for detecting and processing visual information.

From outer to inner, the layers are:

• Photoreceptor layer (rods and cones)

• External limiting membrane

• Outer nuclear layer

• Outer plexiform layer

• Inner nuclear layer

• Inner plexiform layer

• Ganglion cell layer

• Nerve fibre layer

• Internal limiting membrane

Key Distinction

1. RPE (pigmented layer)

• Supports photoreceptors, involved in phagocytosis and visual cycle

2. Neural retina (9 layers)

• Responsible for phototransduction and signal processing

Clinical correlate

• Separation between the pigment and neural layers forms the basis of retinal detachment, wherein the neural retina separates from the retinal pigment epithelium.