Suprarenal gland

The suprarenal glands (adrenal glands) are two small flattened bodies of a yellowish color, situated at the back part of the abdomen, behind the peritoneum, and immediately above and in front of the upper end of each kidney; hence their name.

The right suprarenal gland is somewhat triangular in shape, bearing a resemblance to a cocked hat; the left suprarenal gland is more semilunar, usually larger, and placed at a higher level than the right.

The suprarenal glands vary in size in different individuals, being sometimes so small as to be scarcely detected: their usual size is from 3 to 5 cm. in length, rather less in width, and from 4 to 6 mm. in thickness. Their average weight is from 1.5 to 2.5 gm. each.

The gross anatomy of the suprarenal glands describe several surface and border:

• Anterior surface

• Posterior surface

• Renal surface: inferolaterally directed concave, facing the kidney

• Superior border: between the anterior and posterior surfaces of the suprarenal gland

• Medial border: between the anterior and posterior surfaces of the suprarenal gland

• Hilum: site of exit of central vein, variably directed forward, downward or upward.

The radiological anatomy of the suprarenal gland is based on transverse cross sections, and describe a body and a medial and lateral limb of adrenal gland. These structures are not officially listed in Terminologia Anatomica 1&2 but used in daily practice.