Horn

The horn is a hard outgrowth located on the head of horned mammals (such as cattle, sheep, and goats), composed of three main layers:

• The cornual process, an extension of the frontal bone of the skull, which forms the bony core of the horn.

• The cornual epidermis, a hard external sheath made of keratinized tissue.

• The cornual dermis, located between the two and highly vascularized.

It is permanent in most species, unlike the antlers of cervids, which are shed and regrown annually.