Pads

The pads are specialized structures located under the feet of digitigrade mammals such as dogs and cats. They play a crucial role in locomotion and limb protection.

Each pad is composed of:

• Dense connective and fatty tissue, providing elasticity and shock absorption.

• Thick keratinized epidermis, forming a protective layer against abrasions and extreme temperatures.

• Sweat and sebaceous glands, contributing to thermoregulation and surface lubrication.

• Sensory nerve endings, allowing fine tactile perception of the ground.