Apex of lateral malleola

Apex malleoli lateralis

  • Synonym: Tip of lateral malleolus; Tip of fibula

Definition

Antoine Micheau

The apex of the lateral malleolus (Tip of lateral malleolus; Tip of fibula) refers to the most distal tip of the fibula at the ankle.

The apex is the inferior-most point of the lateral malleolus, and is immediately adjacent to the attachment sites of the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL). The ATFL typically attaches just anterior and proximal to the apex, on the fibular obscure tubercle, while the CFL attaches slightly superior and posterior to the apex, with mean distances of approximately 4–8 mm from the tip for both ligaments.

Posterior to the apex, the malleolar groove houses the peroneal tendons, which are stabilized by the superior peroneal retinaculum.

Neurovascular structures in close proximity include branches of the sural and superficial fibular nerves, which may be at risk during surgical approaches to the apex.

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