![Proximal angle of anteversion - Dog - axes and angles - Thigh bone [Femur] - vet-Anatomy](https://cdn.imaios.cn/i/imaios-images/web/images/vetanatomy/modules/dog-axes-angles/images/v3/4e16644a29669485a9bc3d03c9df8559a4b0d7603d08405ea3d93cbdfef62aa9?ar=640:670&auto=format,compress&bg=000000&fit=crop&p64=ODE0LDY5Mg&t=UHJveGltYWwgYW5nbGUgb2YgYW50ZXZlcnNpb24&tx=814&ty=692&w=350&wk=1&s=a679bee41922684b430bd8c958d63a76)
Proximal angle of anteversion
Proximal angle of anteversion
- Acronym: PAA
Definition
The proximal angle of anteversion is a measurement used to assess angular deformities of the femur and provide guidance for corrections. It is determined from multiplanar reconstructed CT images of the femur. A transverse plane is used to visualize the entire diaphysis of the femur as a straight cylinder by scrolling through sequential images.
The proximal angle of anteversion is defined as the difference between the femoral neck anteversion angle and the distal angle of anteversion.
Newman and Voss 2017 found that the proximal angle of anteversion in healthy English Staffordshire Bull Terriers was 7.94 ± 1.39°.
References
Newman M, Voss K. Computed tomographic evaluation of femoral and tibial conformation in English Staffordshire Bull Terriers with and without congenital medial patellar luxation. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2017 May 22;30(3):191-199. doi: 10.3415/VCOT-16-12-0162. Epub 2017 Mar 23. Erratum in: Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2017 Jul 10;30(4)
![Proximal angle of anteversion - Dog - axes and angles - Thigh bone [Femur] - vet-Anatomy](https://cdn.imaios.cn/i/imaios-images/web/images/vetanatomy/modules/dog-axes-angles/images/v3/4e16644a29669485a9bc3d03c9df8559a4b0d7603d08405ea3d93cbdfef62aa9?ar=640:670&auto=format,compress&bg=000000&fit=crop&p64=ODE0LDY5Mg&t=UHJveGltYWwgYW5nbGUgb2YgYW50ZXZlcnNpb24&tx=814&ty=692&w=200&wk=1&s=5392352e06309a4b74447abed2a7c140 "Proximal angle of anteversion - Dog - axes and angles - Thigh bone [Femur] - vet-Anatomy")
