膝后外侧角
Posterolateral corner of knee
定义
膝关节右室后支角(PLC)是一个复杂的解剖区域,由多种韧带和肌腱结构组成,为膝关节提供稳定性。PLC的主要稳定结构包括外侧副韧带(LCL)、腘肌腱和腘腓韧带(PFL)。
PLC内的其他结构包括弓状韧带、腓肠豆腓韧带、腘斜韧带和后半月板股骨韧带。腘肌肌腱单元也是重要组成部分,其附着于外侧半月板和腘腓韧带(PFL)。
外侧副韧带起自股骨外侧上髁,止于腓骨头,提供内翻稳定性。腘肌腱起自股骨外侧髁,止于胫骨后面,在内旋和后方稳定性中发挥作用。腘腓韧带从腘肌腱延伸至腓骨头,有助于抵抗外旋和后方移位的稳定性。
深入理解这些结构的详细解剖关系对于诊断和处理PLC损伤至关重要。PLC损伤通常与交叉韧带损伤相关,若处理不当,可导致严重的膝关节不稳定。
參考資料
1.Posterolateral Corner of the Knee: Microsurgical Analysis of Anatomy and Morphometry.Osti M, Tschann P, Künzel KH, Benedetto KP.Orthopedics. 2013;36(9):e1114-20. doi:10.3928/01477447-20130821-11.
2.MR Imaging, MR Arthrography, and Specimen Correlation of the Posterolateral Corner of the Knee: An Anatomic Study.Munshi M, Pretterklieber ML, Kwak S, et al.AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology. 2003;180(4):1095-101. doi:10.2214/ajr.180.4.1801095.
3.Posterolateral Corner of the Knee: An Update on Current Evaluation and Management Strategies.Maniar AR, White AE, Musahl V, Ranawat A.The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. 2024;32(1):e13-e23. doi:10.5435/JAAOS-D-23-00278.
4.Unraveling the Posterolateral Corner of the Knee.Rosas HG.Radiographics : A Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc. 2016;36(6):1776-1791. doi:10.1148/rg.2016160027.
5.The Posterolateral Corner of the Knee: Evaluation Under Microsurgical Dissection.Diamantopoulos A, Tokis A, Tzurbakis M, Patsopoulos I, Georgoulis A.Arthroscopy : The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery : Official Publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association. 2005;21(7):826-33. doi:10.1016/j.arthro.2005.03.021.
6.The Posterolateral Aspect of the Knee. Anatomy and Surgical Approach.Terry GC, LaPrade RF.The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 1996 Nov-Dec;24(6):732-9. doi:10.1177/036354659602400606