Mechanical caudal proximal tibial angle
Mechanical caudal proximal tibial angle
定义
机械性胫骨近端尾侧角是用于评估胫骨成角畸形并为矫正手术提供指导的一项测量指标。该角度由整段胫骨的内外侧位X线片或多平面重建CT图像确定。进行X线评估时，犬取侧卧位，拍摄内外侧位X线片：视野包括胫骨、膝关节和跗关节；X线束以胫骨骨干中段为中心，膝关节与跗骨关节均屈曲90°。
机械性胫骨近端尾侧角是胫骨机械轴与胫骨近端关节定向线之间的角。
以下为健康犬机械性胫骨近端尾侧角的研究结果：
小型犬：65 +/-3.02°（X线摄影）（Olimpo et al. 2016）
小型犬：63°（54–84）（X线摄影）（Garnoeva et al. 2018）
吉娃娃：63.1 +/- 1.5°（X线摄影）（Phetkaew et al. 2018）
中大型犬：63.6 +/- 3.7°（X线摄影）（Dismukes et al. 2008）
吉娃娃：65.3 +/- 2.6°（CT）（Phetkaew et al. 2018）
英国斗牛犬：63.25 +/- 6.15°（CT）（Lusetti et al. 2017）
參考資料
Dismukes DI, Tomlinson JL, Fox DB, Cook JL, Witsberger TH. Radiographic measurement of canine tibial angles in the sagittal plane. Vet Surg. 2008 Apr;37(3):300-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.2008.00381.x.
Garnoeva, R, Roydev, R, Paskalev, M et al. Radiographic measures of pelvic limb malalignment in small breed dogs with various grades of medial patellar luxation. Comp Clin Pathol 2018;27, 1551–1555. doi.org/10.1007/s00580-018-2772-8
Lusetti F, Bonardi A, Eid C, Brandstetter de Belesini A, Martini FM. Pelvic limb alignment measured by computed tomography in purebred English Bulldogs with medial patellar luxation. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2017 May 10;30(3):200-208. doi: 10.3415/VCOT-16-07-0116. Epub 2017 May 5.
Olimpo M, Piras LA, Peirone B. Pelvic limb alignment in small breed dogs: a comparison between affected and free subjects from medial patellar luxation. Vet Ital. 2016 Jan-Mar;52(1):45-50. doi: 10.12834/VetIt.71.206.3.
Phetkaew T, Kalpravidh M, Penchome R, Wangdee C. A Comparison of Angular Values of the Pelvic Limb with Normal and Medial Patellar Luxation Stifles in Chihuahua Dogs Using Radiography and Computed Tomography. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2018 Feb;31(2):114-123. doi: 10.3415/VCOT-17-05-0067. Epub 2018 Mar 13. Erratum in: Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2018 Feb;31(2):a1.
