Mechanical cranial distal tibial angle
Mechanical cranial distal tibial angle
定义
机械颅侧远端胫骨角是用于评估胫骨成角畸形并为矫正手术提供指导的测量指标。该角度由胫骨全长的内外侧位X线片或多平面重建CT图像确定。进行X线评估时，犬取侧卧位，拍摄内外侧位X线片：摄影范围包括胫骨、膝关节及跗关节；X线束以胫骨骨干中点为中心，膝关节与跗关节均屈曲90°。
机械颅侧远端胫骨角是胫骨机械轴与远端胫骨关节定向线在胫骨颅侧面所形成的角。
以下为健康犬机械颅侧远端胫骨角的研究结果：
小型犬：91° [70–101]（X线摄影）（Garnoeva et al. 2018）
玩具贵宾犬：91.0 ± 4.6°（X线摄影）（Yasukawa et al. 2016）
小型犬：86.3 ± 1.5°（X线摄影）（Olimpo et al. 2016）
吉娃娃：91.9 +/- 2.4°（X线摄影）（Phetkaew et al. 2018）
玩具贵宾犬：98.5 ± 3.8°（CT）（Yasukawa et al. 2016）
吉娃娃：94.9 +/-3.1°（CT）（Phetkaew et al. 2018）
參考資料
Garnoeva, R, Roydev, R, Paskalev, M et al. Radiographic measures of pelvic limb malalignment in small breed dogs with various grades of medial patellar luxation. Comp Clin Pathol 2018;27, 1551–1555. doi.org/10.1007/s00580-018-2772-8
Olimpo M, Piras LA, Peirone B. Pelvic limb alignment in small breed dogs: a comparison between affected and free subjects from medial patellar luxation. Vet Ital. 2016 Jan-Mar;52(1):45-50. doi: 10.12834/VetIt.71.206.3.
Phetkaew T, Kalpravidh M, Penchome R, Wangdee C. A Comparison of Angular Values of the Pelvic Limb with Normal and Medial Patellar Luxation Stifles in Chihuahua Dogs Using Radiography and Computed Tomography. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2018 Feb;31(2):114-123. doi: 10.3415/VCOT-17-05-0067. Epub 2018 Mar 13. Erratum in: Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2018 Feb;31(2):a1.
Yasukawa S, Edamura K, Tanegashima K, Seki M, Teshima K, Asano K, Nakayama T, Hayashi K. Evaluation of bone deformities of the femur, tibia, and patella in Toy Poodles with medial patellar luxation using computed tomography. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2016;29(1):29-38. doi: 10.3415/VCOT-15-05-0089. Epub 2015 Dec 7.
