Proximal femoral joint orientation line
Proximal femoral joint orientation line
定义
股骨近端关节定向线是用于评估股骨角度畸形并为矫正提供指导的解剖标志。特别是，它用于确定和测量解剖学外侧股骨近端角。
在额状面上，股骨近端关节定向线通过髋关节及股骨的腹背位X线片或股骨的多平面重建图像来确定。进行X线摄影时，犬取背卧位，后肢向尾侧伸展，两侧股骨相互平行。若满足以下条件，则认为体位摆放合格：
绘制一个与股骨头轮廓最佳拟合的圆，并确定其圆心。股骨近端关节定向线是从股骨头圆心延伸至股骨大转子最背侧点的连线。
在矢状面上，股骨近端关节定向线通过股骨的内外侧位X线片或股骨的多平面重建图像来确定。进行X线摄影时，若内侧髁与外侧髁相互重叠，则认为体位摆放合格。
首先将一个最佳拟合圆叠加于股骨头上并确定其圆心。将穿越股骨颈的圆弧部分重新定义为一条弦，并确定该弦的中点。矢状面上的股骨近端关节定向线定义为连接股骨头圆心与该弦中点的直线。
參考資料
Fox J, Tomlinson JL. Principles of Angular Limb Deformity Correction. In: Tobias KM, Johnston SA, editors. Veterinary Surgery Small Animal. St Louis (MI): Elsevier Saunders; 2012. p.657-668.
Yasukawa S, Edamura K, Tanegashima K, Seki M, Teshima K, Asano K, Nakayama T, Hayashi K. Evaluation of bone deformities of the femur, tibia, and patella in Toy Poodles with medial patellar luxation using computed tomography. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2016;29(1):29-38. doi: 10.3415/VCOT-15-05-0089. Epub 2015 Dec 7.
Phetkaew T, Kalpravidh M, Penchome R, Wangdee C. A Comparison of Angular Values of the Pelvic Limb with Normal and Medial Patellar Luxation Stifles in Chihuahua Dogs Using Radiography and Computed Tomography. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2018 Feb;31(2):114-123. doi: 10.3415/VCOT-17-05-0067. Epub 2018 Mar 13. Erratum in: Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2018 Feb;31(2):a1.
Peterson JL, Torres BT, Hutcheson KD, Fox DB. Radiographic determination of normal canine femoral alignment in the sagittal plane: A cadaveric pilot study. Vet Surg. 2020 Aug;49(6):1230-1238. doi: 10.1111/vsu.13465. Epub 2020 Jun 2.
