Costal surface of scapula
Facies costalis scapulae
- Latin synonym: Facies anterior scapulae
- Synonym: Anterior surface of scapula
- Related terms: Costal surface; Anterior surface; Costal surface; Anterior surface (Scapula)
Definition
The costal surface of scapula, also known as its ventral surface, lies adjacent to the thoracic rib cage. This surface is primarily characterized by a broad, concave area called the subscapular fossa. The medial two-thirds of the fossa are marked by multiple oblique ridges running laterally and upward, serving as the origin for the subscapularis muscle, a multipennate rotator cuff muscle. The lateral third of the subscapular fossa is smooth and covered by this muscle's fibers.
Along the medial border of the scapula on its costal surface, the serratus anterior muscle inserts. This muscle features eight digitations: one originates from the superior angle of the scapula, two along the medial border, and five from the inferior angle, all on the costal surface of scapula.
References
Miniato MA, Mudreac A, Borger J. Anatomy, Thorax, Scapula. [Updated 2023 Jul 24]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538319/
