Rectus anterior capitis muscle
Musculus rectus anterior capitis
- Latin synonym: Musculus rectus capitis anterior; Musculus rectus capitis ventralis
- Synonym: Rectus capitis anterior muscle
- Related terms: Rectus capitis anterior
Definition
Rectus anterior capitis | |
Origin | Atlas |
Insertion | Occipital bone |
Innervation | C1, C2 |
Blood supply | Vertebral and ascending pharyngeal arteries |
Action | Flexion of neck atlanto-occipital joint |
The rectus capitis anterior is a short, deep prevertebral muscle of the upper cervical region. It connects the atlas (C1) to the base of the skull, helping to flex the head at the atlanto-occipital joint.
Anatomical details
1. Origin
Anterior surface of the lateral mass and root of the transverse process of the atlas (C1)
2. Insertion
Fibres ascend obliquely, upwards and medially, to insert into the basilar part of the occipital bone, just anterior to the foramen magnum
Innervation
Ventral rami of C1 and C2 spinal nerves (via the loop between C1–C2).
Relations
Aspect | Structures Related |
Anterior | Prevertebral fascia, pharynx, and retropharyngeal space |
Posterior | Atlanto-occipital joint and anterior atlanto-occipital membrane |
Lateral | Internal carotid artery and sympathetic trunk |
Medial | Longus capitis muscle (overlaps medially and superiorly) |
Actions
The rectus capitis anterior muscle flexes the head at the atlanto-occipital joint (nodding motion). It forms part of the deep cervical flexor group (along with longus capitis and longus colli), which are key for cervical (or head and neck's) stability and posture.
References
Gray, H. (2016) Gray’s Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. 41st edn. Edited by S. Standring. New York: Elsevier. Chapter 29: Neck, pp. 450.
