Femoral ring

The femoral ring is the entrance to the femoral canal and is located at the superior aspect of the femoral sheath. It is bounded by several key anatomical landmarks:

• Anteriorly: The inguinal ligament.

• Posteriorly: Pectineus covered by the pectineal ligament (also known as Cooper's ligament).

• Medially: The lacunar ligament.

• Laterally: fibrous septum on the medial side of the femoral vein

The femoral ring serves as the entrance to the femoral canal, which is a potential space that can be involved in the formation of femoral hernias. The femoral canal itself is bordered by the femoral vein laterally, the lacunar ligament medially, and the inguinal ligament anteriorly, with the pectineal ligament forming the posterior boundary.

The femoral ring is closed by a somewhat condensed portion of the extraperitoneal fatty tissue, named the septum femorale (crural septum), the abdominal surface of which supports a small lymph gland and is covered by the parietal layer of the peritoneum. The septum femorale is pierced by numerous lymphatic vessels passing from the deep inguinal to the external iliac lymph glands, and the parietal peritoneum immediately above it presents a slight depression named the femoral fossa.