Left colic flexure

The left colic flexure is a part of the large intestine in domestic animals where the transverse colon transitions into the descending colon. It is typically located near the spleen, hence the alternative name. This anatomical feature is present in many domestic species including dogs, cats, horses, ruminants, and pigs, but its position and significance vary slightly depending on the species.

Key Anatomical Features

• Location: The left colic flexure lies cranial or dorsocranial to the spleen, connecting the transverse colon (which runs from right to left) with the descending colon (which continues caudally).

• Function: It helps direct the passage of ingesta from the transverse to the descending colon, playing a role in the final stages of water absorption and feces formation.

• Species Variation:

  • In horses, it is part of the highly complex ascending colon and can be associated with impaction or volvulus due to the large size and mobility of the equine colon.

  • In ruminants, the colic flexures are less prominent due to the compact arrangement of the spiral colon.

  • In dogs and cats, the flexure is present but not clinically significant unless obstructed.

Clinical Relevance

• Colonic obstruction or volvulus can occur near the flexure, especially in species with extensive colon mobility like the horse.

• It may be a reference point during abdominal surgery or radiographic interpretation