Sternum
Sternum
Definition
The sternum is an unpaired bone structure formed by eight sternal bones that constitute the ventral boundary of the thorax. It is part of the axial skeleton and consists of eight sternebrae joined together by intersternal cartilages.
It is slightly inclined dorsally in its cranial portion and ventrally in its caudal portion.
The first sternebra is called the manubrium. The last sternum is called the xiphoid process and is extended caudally by a thin cartilaginous plate called the xiphoid cartilage.
The sternal ends of the ribs articulate with the intersternal cartilages, with the exception of the first pair of ribs, which articulate directly with the first sternum.
References
Evans HE, de Lahunta A. Miller’s Anatomy of the Dog. 5th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier; 2013. Chapter 4, The skeleton; p. 80–157.
Evans HE, de Lahunta A. Miller’s Anatomy of the Dog. 5th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier; 2013. Chapter 5, Athrology; p. 158–184.
