Cerebral hemisphere
Hemispherium [Hemisphaerium]
Definition
Each cerebral hemisphere constitutes half of the brain, originating from the embryonic telencephalon. The hemispheres are separated by the longitudinal fissure of the brain, except at points where they are connected by the corpus callosum, the rostral commissure, and the lamina terminalis.
Each hemisphere is elongated, flattened against its counterpart, convex on the side facing the cranial vault, and comprises:
A convex surface, a basal surface, and a medial surface.
The cerebral cortex (pallium) covering the dorsolateral surface, organized into gyri separated by cerebral sulci.
Cerebral lobes corresponding to the superficial regions of the hemisphere.
A lateral ventricle, filled with cerebrospinal fluid and connected to the third ventricle via the interventricular foramen.
The cerebral hemisphere also contains the rhinencephalon and the striatum. It is involved in sensory, motor, cognitive, and emotional functions, as well as in the regulation of memory and behavior.
References
Barone R, Bortolami R. Anatomie comparée des mammifères domestiques, Tome 6, Neurologie I, Vigot, Paris, 2004.
Evans HE, de Lahunta A. Miller’s anatomy of the dog, 4th edition, Elsevier Saunders, St Louis, 2012.
