Tibial torsion angle - Dog - axes and angles - Tibia - vet-Anatomy
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Tibial torsion angle

Tibial torsion angle

  • Acronym: TTA

Definition

Stephan Mahler

The tibial torsion angle is a landmark used to assess deformities of the tibia and provide guidance for corrections. It is determined from multiplanar reconstructed CT images of the tibia.

The tibial torsion angle is defined as the angle formed by the transcondylar tibial axis (or the caudal condylar tibial axis) and the distal cranial tibial axis.

The following values for the tibial torsion angle have been published in various breeds of dogs :

Using the transcondylar tibial axis:

  • English Bulldogs: 4.00 +/-8.82° (Lusetti et al. 2017)

  • Medium to large breed dogs: 4.15+/-4.33° (Aper et al. 2005)

  • Toy Poodles: 11.3+/-4.3° (Yasukawa et al. 2016)

Using the caudal condylar tibial axis:

  • English Staffordshire bull Terriers: 6.82+/-5.60° (Newman and Voss 2017)

  • Medium to large breed dogs -4.85+/- 5.19° (Aper et al. 2005)

  • Chihuahuas: 6.7 +/-3.2° (Phetkaew et al. 2018)

References

  • Aper R, Kowaleski MP, Apelt D, Drost WT, Dyce J. Computed tomographic determination of tibial torsion in the dog. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2005 May-Jun;46(3):187-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2005.00048.x.

  • Lusetti F, Bonardi A, Eid C, Brandstetter de Belesini A, Martini FM. Pelvic limb alignment measured by computed tomography in purebred English Bulldogs with medial patellar luxation. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2017 May 10;30(3):200-208. doi: 10.3415/VCOT-16-07-0116. Epub 2017 May 5.

  • Newman M, Voss K. Computed tomographic evaluation of femoral and tibial conformation in English Staffordshire Bull Terriers with and without congenital medial patellar luxation. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2017 May 22;30(3):191-199. doi: 10.3415/VCOT-16-12-0162. Epub 2017 Mar 23. Erratum in: Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2017 Jul 10;30(4).

  • Phetkaew T, Kalpravidh M, Penchome R, Wangdee C. A Comparison of Angular Values of the Pelvic Limb with Normal and Medial Patellar Luxation Stifles in Chihuahua Dogs Using Radiography and Computed Tomography. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2018 Feb;31(2):114-123. doi: 10.3415/VCOT-17-05-0067. Epub 2018 Mar 13. Erratum in: Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2018 Feb;31(2):a1.

  • Yasukawa S, Edamura K, Tanegashima K, Seki M, Teshima K, Asano K, Nakayama T, Hayashi K. Evaluation of bone deformities of the femur, tibia, and patella in Toy Poodles with medial patellar luxation using computed tomography. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2016;29(1):29-38. doi: 10.3415/VCOT-15-05-0089. Epub 2015 Dec 7.

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