Tibial valgus

The tibial valgus is a measurement used to assess angular deformities of the tibia and provide guidance for corrections. It is determined from a craniocaudal or caudocranial radiograph, or multiplanar reconstructed CT images of the tibia.

For radiographic evaluation, the view includes the entire tibia, stifle and tarsus. The tibia is perpendicular to the beam. The beam is centered at the mid-tibial diaphysis. Positioning is considered satisfactory if :

• the medial and lateral femur corticals passes through the middle of the sesamoid bones of the gastrocnemius muscle.

• the medial aspect of the calcaneus and the intermediate ridge of tibial cochlea are aligned.

The tibial valgus is defined as the angle created between the proximal tibial joint orientation line and distal tibial joint orientation line.

The tibial valgus in English Staffordshire bull Terriers is 11.80+/-3.11° (Newman and Voss 2017)