Relative tibial tuberosity width
Relative tibial tuberosity width
- Acronym: rTTW
Definition
The relative tibial tuberosity width is a measurement used to assess the anatomy of the tibia and its modification in predisposed dogs or dogs at risk for cranial cruciate ligament rupture. It is determined from a mediolateral radiograph of the tibia. The X-ray beam is centered at the stifle joint. Positioning is considered satisfactory if the medial condyle and lateral condyle are superimposed.
The following points are identified:
A = most cranial point of the proximal articular surface;
B = midpoint between the caudal parts of the articular surfaces of the lateral condyle and medial condyle of the tibia.
C = most proximal point of the cranial border of the tibia;
D = cross point of a circle with the centre B and the radius AB, and the line BC.
The relative tibial tuberosity width is defined by the ratio CD/DB.
The following values have been published for the relative tibial tuberosity width in healthy dogs:
Small breed dogs: 0.90 +/- 0.12 (Janovec et al. 2017)
Small breed dogs: 0.82 +/- 0.12 (Aertsens et al. 2015)
Small breed dogs: 0.93+/-0.1 (Witte 2015)
Yorkshire Terriers: 0.86 +/- 0.1 (Vedrine et al. 2013)
Labrador Retrievers: 0.74 +/- 0.1 (Vedrine et al. 2013)
German Shepherd and Basset hound population: 0.84 (0.69-1.26) (Guénégo et al. 2017)
Large breeds: 0.80 +/- 0.12 (Aertsens et al. 2015)
Various breeds of dog: 0.91+/-0.18 (Inauen et al. 2009)
References
Aertsens A, Rincon Alvarez J, Poncet CM, Beaufrère H, Ragetly GR. Comparison of the tibia plateau angle between small and large dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2015;28(6):385-90. doi: 10.3415/VCOT-14-12-0180. Epub 2015 Sep 18.
Guénégo L, Payot M, Charru P, Verwaerde P. Comparison of tibial anatomic-mechanical axis angle between predisposed dogs and dogs at low risk for cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Vet J. 2017 Jul;225:35-41. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.04.011. Epub 2017 May 3. PMID: 28720297.
Inauen R, Koch D, Bass M, Haessig M. Tibial tuberosity conformation as a risk factor for cranial cruciate ligament rupture in the dog. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2009;22(1):16-20. PMID: 19151865.
Janovec J, Kyllar M, Midgley D, Owen M. Conformation of the proximal tibia and cranial cruciate ligament disease in small breed dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2017 May 22;30(3):178-183. doi: 10.3415/VCOT-16-07-0115. Epub 2017 Mar 23.
Vedrine B, Guillemot A, Fontaine D, Ragetly GR, Etchepareborde S. Comparative anatomy of the proximal tibia in healthy Labrador Retrievers and Yorkshire Terriers. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2013;26(4):266-70. doi: 10.3415/VCOT-12-02-0018. Epub 2013 Apr 24.
Witte PG. Tibial anatomy in normal small breed dogs including anisometry of various extracapsular stabilizing suture attachment sites. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2015;28(5):331-8. doi: 10.3415/VCOT-14-12-0186. Epub 2015 Jul 21.
