Subacromial bursa - Upper extremity - Cross sections - e-Anatomy
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Subacromial bursa

Bursa subacromialis

Definition

Muhammad A. Javaid

The subacromial bursa is a large synovial sac located within the subacromial space, between the supraspinatus tendon and the coracoacromial arch (formed by the acromion, coracoacromial ligament, and coracoid process). It often communicates laterally with the subdeltoid bursa.

Relations

Surface

Related Structures

Superior

Deltoid muscle, acromion, coracoacromial ligament

Inferior

Supraspinatus tendon and shoulder joint capsule

Medial

Coracoid process and coracoacromial arch

Lateral

Greater tubercle of humerus (may merge with subdeltoid bursa)

Function

Allows smooth gliding of the supraspinatus tendon beneath the acromion and deltoid during arm elevation, reducing friction within the subacromial space.

Subacromial Bursitis

Inflammation of the subacromial bursa from repetitive overhead use, trauma, or rotator cuff impingement leads to pain and limited shoulder movement. Typical feature: painful overhead abduction of arm due to compression of the inflamed bursa and supraspinatus tendon under the acromion.

References

  • Faruqi T, Rizvi TJ. Subacromial Bursitis. [Updated 2023 Jun 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541096/

  • Gray, H. (2016) Gray’s Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. 41st edn. Edited by S. Standring. New York: Elsevier. Chapter 48: Shoulder girdle and arm, pp. 815.

  • Creech JA, Silver S. Shoulder Impingement Syndrome. [Updated 2023 Apr 17]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554518/

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