Ventral nasal concha

The ventral nasal concha is inserted on the conchal crest of the maxilla. In domestic mammals, its disposition is variable according to the species, it is coiled type in Ungulates and ramose in carnivores and glires. In ruminants and pigs, the main lamina is divided medially into two secondary laminae coiled in opposite directions, one dorsal, the other ventral. Each delimits a cavity open in the corresponding meatus and subdivided into cells like those of the dorsal nasal concha. In equids, the ventral turbinate has a dorsally coiled blade whose cavity opens into the middle meat. At its caudal part opens a cell which constitutes the ventral conchal sinus communicating widely with the maxillary sinus; which exists in a distinct state in ruminants and pigs. The branched turbinates nearly obstruct the cavity of the nose, they contain a compatible coiled main lamella on its convex side with multiple longitudinal secondary lamellae each of which in turn has its own coiling and may bear tertiary lamellae. Rostrally, the turbinate is prolonged by a cartilaginous process, the alar fold, which passes under the lamina of the alar cartilage on the lateral-dorsal wall of the nasal vestibule.