Caudal alar foramen

The caudal alar foramen is described in ruminants and dogs. It opens at the base of the pterygoid process of the basisphenoid bone. This foramen is prolonged by the alar canal, which passes longitudinally through the base of the pterygoid process to open rostrally into the rostral alar foramen. The caudal alar foramen is traversed by the maxillary artery and maxillary vein.